The Eternal Echo
The Eternal Echo

Surah An-Nisa • Ayah 100

Para 5 Surah 4 : 100
۞ وَمَن يُهَاجِرْ فِى سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ يَجِدْ فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ مُرَٰغَمًا كَثِيرًا وَسَعَةً ۚ وَمَن يَخْرُجْ مِنۢ بَيْتِهِۦ مُهَاجِرًا إِلَى ٱللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِۦ ثُمَّ يُدْرِكْهُ ٱلْمَوْتُ فَقَدْ وَقَعَ أَجْرُهُۥ عَلَى ٱللَّهِ ۗ وَكَانَ ٱللَّهُ غَفُورًا رَّحِيمًا

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Word-by-Word Analysis

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۞
وَمَن
يُهَاجِرْ
فِى
سَبِيلِ
ٱللَّهِ
يَجِدْ
فِى
ٱلْأَرْضِ
مُرَٰغَمًا
كَثِيرًا
وَسَعَةً
ۚ
وَمَن
يَخْرُجْ
مِنۢ
بَيْتِهِۦ
مُهَاجِرًا
إِلَى
ٱللَّهِ
وَرَسُولِهِۦ
ثُمَّ
يُدْرِكْهُ
ٱلْمَوْتُ
فَقَدْ
وَقَعَ
أَجْرُهُۥ
عَلَى
ٱللَّهِ
ۗ
وَكَانَ
ٱللَّهُ
غَفُورًا
رَّحِيمًا

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Classical Tafsir: Ibn Kathir en

The Prohibition of Residing Among the Disbelievers While Able to EmigrateAl-Bukhari recorded that Muhammad bin `Abdur-Rahman, Abu Al-Aswad, said, "The people of Al-Madinah were forced to prepare an army (to fight against the people of Ash-Sham during the Khilafah of Abdullah bin Az-Zubayir at Makkah), and I was enlisted in it. Then I met `Ikrimah, the freed slave of Ibn `Abbas, and informed him (about it), and he forbade me strongly from doing so (i.e., to enlist in that army), and then he said to me, `Ibn `Abbas told me that some Muslims used to go out with the idolators increasing the size of their army against the Messenger of Allah ﷺ . Then, an arrow would hit one of them and kill him, or he would be struck on his neck (with a sword) and killed, and Allah sent down the Ayah,إِنَّ الَّذِينَ تَوَفَّـهُمُ الْمَلَـئِكَةُ ظَـلِمِى أَنفُسِهِمْ(Verily, as for those whom the angels take (in death) while they are wronging themselves)." Ad-Dahhak stated that this Ayah was revealed about some hypocrites who did not join the Messenger of Allah ﷺ but remained in Makkah and went out with the idolators for the battle of Badr. They were killed among those who were killed. Thus, this honorable Ayah was revealed about those who reside among the idolators, while able to perform Hijrah and unable to practice the faith. Such people will be committing injustice against themselves and falling into a prohibition according to the consensus and also according to this Ayah,إِنَّ الَّذِينَ تَوَفَّـهُمُ الْمَلَـئِكَةُ ظَـلِمِى أَنفُسِهِمْ(Verily, as for those whom the angels take (in death) while they are wronging themselves,) by refraining from Hijrah,قَالُواْ فِيمَ كُنتُمْ(They (angels) say (to them): "In what (condition) were you") meaning, why did you remain here and not perform Hijrahقَالُواْ كُنَّا مُسْتَضْعَفِينَ فِى الاٌّرْضِ(They reply: "We were weak and oppressed on the earth.") meaning, we are unable to leave the land or move about in the earth,قَالْواْ أَلَمْ تَكُنْ أَرْضُ اللَّهِ وَسِعَةً(They (angels) say: "Was not the earth of Allah spacious enough for you). Abu Dawud recorded that Samurah bin Jundub said that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said,«مَنْ جَامَعَ الْمُشْرِكَ وَسَكَنَ مَعَهُ فَإِنَّهُ مِثْلُه»(Whoever mingles with the idolator and resides with him, he is just like him.) Allah's statement,إِلاَّ الْمُسْتَضْعَفِينَ(Except the weak) until the end of the Ayah, is an excuse that Allah gives for this type of people not to emigrate, because they are unable to free themselves from the idolators. And even if they did, they would not know which way to go. This is why Allah said,لاَ يَسْتَطِيعُونَ حِيلَةً وَلاَ يَهْتَدُونَ سَبِيلاً(Who cannot devise a plan, nor are they able to direct their way), meaning, they do not find the way to emigrate, as Mujahid, `Ikrimah and As-Suddi stated. Allah's statement,فَأُوْلَـئِكَ عَسَى اللَّهُ أَن يَعْفُوَ عَنْهُمْ(These are they whom Allah is likely to forgive them,) means, pardon them for not migrating, and here, `likely' means He shall,وَكَانَ اللَّهُ عَفُوّاً غَفُوراً(and Allah is Ever Oft-Pardoning, Oft-Forgiving). Al-Bukhari recorded that Abu Hurayrah said, "While the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was praying `Isha', he said, `Sami` Allahu Liman Hamidah.' He then said before he prostrated,«اللَّهُمَّ أَنْجِ عَيَّاشَ بْنَ أبِي رَبِيعَةَ، اللَّهُمَّ أَنْجِ سَلَمَةَ بْنَ هِشَامٍ، اللَّهُمَّ أَنْجِ الْوَلِيدَ بْنَ الْوَلِيدِ، اللَّهُمَّ أَنْجِ الْمُسْتَضْعَفِينَ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، اللَّهُمَّ اشْدُدْ وَطْأَتَكَ عَلَى مُضَرَ، اللَّهُمَّ اجْعَلْهَا سِنِينَ كَسِنِي يُوسُف»(O Allah! Save `Ayyash bin Abi Rabi`ah. O Allah! Save Salamah bin Hisham. O Allah! Save Al-Walid bin Al-Walid. O Allah! Save the weak Muslims. O Allah! Be very hard on Mudar tribe. O Allah! Afflict them with years (of famine) similar to the (famine) years of the time of Prophet Yusuf.)" Al-Bukhari recorded that Abu An-Nu`man said that Hammad bin Zayd said that Ayyub narrated that Ibn Abi Mulaykah said that Ibn `Abbas commented on the verse,إِلاَّ الْمُسْتَضْعَفِينَ(Except the weak ones among men), "I and my mother were among those (weak ones) whom Allah excused." Allah's statement,وَمَن يُهَاجِرْ فِى سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ يَجِدْ فِى الاٌّرْضِ مُرَاغَماً كَثِيراً وَسَعَةً(He who emigrates in the cause of Allah, will find on earth many dwelling places and plenty to live by.) this encourages the believers to perform Hijrah and abandon the idolators, for wherever the believer emigrates, he will find a safe refuge to resort to. Mujahid said that,مُرَاغَماً كَثِيراً(many dwelling places) means, he will find a way out of what he dislikes. Allah's statement,وَسِعَةً(and plenty to live by.) refers to provision. Qatadah also said that,يَجِدْ فِى الاٌّرْضِ مُرَاغَماً كَثِيراً وَسَعَةً(...will find on earth many dwelling places and plenty to live by.) means, Allah will take him from misguidance to guidance and from poverty to richness. Allah's statement,وَمَن يَخْرُجْ مِن بَيْتِهِ مُهَـجِراً إِلَى اللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ ثُمَّ يُدْرِكْهُ الْمَوْتُ فَقَدْ وَقَعَ أَجْرُهُ عَلىَ اللَّهِ(And whosoever leaves his home as an emigrant unto Allah and His Messenger, and death overtakes him, his reward is then surely, incumbent upon Allah. ) means, whoever starts emigrating and dies on the way, he will acquire the reward of those who emigrate for Allah. The Two Sahihs, along with the Musnad and Sunan compilers, recorded that `Umar bin Al-Khattab said that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said,«إِنَّمَا الْأَعْمَالُ بِالنِّــيَّاتِ، وَإِنَّمَا لِكُلِّ امْرِىءٍ مَا نَوَى، فَمَنْ كَانَتْ هِجْرَتُهُ إِلَى اللهِ وَرَسُولِهِ، فَهِجْرَتُهُ إِلَى اللهِ وَرَسُولِهِ، وَمَنْ كَانَتْ هِجْرَتُهُ إِلى دُنْيَا يُصِيبُهَا، أَوِ امْرَأَةٍ يَتَزَوَّجُهَا، فَهِجْرَتُهُ إِلى مَا هَاجَرَ إِلَيْه»(The reward of deeds depends upon the intentions, and every person will be rewarded according to what he has intended. So, whoever emigrated to Allah and His Messenger, then his emigration is for Allah and His Messenger. And whoever emigrated for worldly benefits or for a woman to marry, his emigration is for what he emigrated for.) This Hadith is general, it applies to Hijrah as well as every other deed. In the Two Sahihs, it is recorded that a man killed ninety-nine people and completed the number one hundred when he killed a worshipper. He then asked a scholar if he has a chance to repent. The scholar said, "What prevents you from repentance" The scholar told the killer to emigrate from his land to another land where Allah is worshipped. When he left his land and started on the migration to the other land, death overtook him on the way. The angels of mercy and the angels of torment disputed about the man, whereas the former said that he went out in repentance, while the latter said that he did not arrive at his destination. They were commanded to measure the distance between the two lands and to whichever land he is closer to, he will be considered part of that land. Allah commanded that the righteous land to move closer and the land of evil to move farther. The angels found that he died closer to the land that he intended to emigrate to by a hand-span, and thus the angels of mercy captured his soul. In another narration, when death came to that man, he moved his chest towards the righteous village that he emigrated to.

Classical Tafsir: Ibn Kathir Urdu ur

بابہجرت کی ترغیب دیتے ہوئے اور مشرکوں سے الگ ہونے کی ہدایات کرتے ہوئے فرماتا ہے کہ اللہ کی راہ میں ہجرت کرنے والا ہراساں نہ ہو وہ جہاں جائے گا اللہ تعالیٰ اس کے لیے اسباب پناہ تیار کر دے گا اور وہ بہ آرام وہاں اقامت کر سکے گا «مراغم» کے ایک معنی ایک جگہ سے دوسری جگہ جانے کے بھی ہیں۔ مجاہد فرماتے ہیں وہ اپنے دکھ سے بچاؤ کی بہت سی صورتیں پالے گا، امن کے بہت سے اسباب اسے مل جائیں گے، دشمنوں کے شر سے بچ جائے گا اور وہ روزی بھی پائے گا گمراہی کی جگہ ہدایت اسے ملے گی اس کی فقیری تونگری سے بدل جائے۔ ارشاد ہوتا ہے جو شخص بہ نیت ہجرت اپنے گھر سے نکلا پھر ہجرت گاہ پہنچنے سے پہلے ہی راستے میں اسے موت آ گئی اسے بھی ہجرت کا کامل ثواب مل گیا نبی کریم صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم فرماتے ہیں کہ ہر عمل کا دارومدار نیت پر ہے اور ہرشخص کے لیے وہ ہے جو اس نے نیت کی پس جس کی ہجرت اللہ کی طرف اور اس کے رسول کی طرف ہو اس کی ہجرت اللہ کی رضا مندی اور رسول کی خوشنودی کا باعث ہو گی اور جس کی ہجرت دنیا حاصل کرنے کے لیے ہو یا کسی عورت سے نکاح کرنے کے لیے ہو تو اسے اصل ہجرت کا ثواب نہ ملے گا بلکہ اس کی ہجرت اسی طرف سمجھی جائے گی۔ [صحیح بخاری:54] ‏ یہ حدیث عام ہے ہجرت وغیرہ تمام اعمال پر مشتمل ہے۔صفحہ نمبر1891بخاری و مسلم کی حدیث میں اس شخص کے بارے میں ہے جس نے ننانوے قتل کئے تھے پھر ایک عابد کو قتل کر کے سو پورے کئے پھر ایک عالم سے پوچھا کہ کیا اس کی توبہ قبول ہو سکتی ہے؟ اس نے کہا تیری توبہ کے اور تیرے درمیان کوئی چیز حائل نہیں تو اپنی بستی سے ہجرت کر کے فلاں شہر چلا جا جہاں اللہ کے عابد بندے رہتے ہیں۔ چنانچہ یہ ہجرت کر کے اس طرف چلا راستہ میں ہی تھا جو موت آ گئی۔ رحمت اور عذاب کے فرشتوں میں اس کے بارے میں اختلاف ہوا بحث یہ تھی کہ یہ شخص توبہ کر کے ہجرت کر کے مگر چلا تو سہی یہ وہاں پہنچا تو نہیں پھر انہیں حکم کیا گیا کہ وہ اس طرف کی اور اس طرف کی زمین ناپیں جس بستی سے یہ شخص قریب ہو اس کے رہنے والوں میں اسے ملا دیا جائے پھر زمین کو اللہ تعالیٰ نے حکم دیا کہ بری بستی کی جانب سے دور ہو جا اور نیک بستی والوں کی طرف قریب ہو جا، جب زمین ناپی گئی تو توحید والوں کی بستی سے ایک بالشت برابر قریب نکلی اور اسے رحمت کے فرشتے لے گئے۔ [صحیح بخاری:3470] ‏ ایک روایت میں ہے کہ موت کے وقت یہ اپنے سینے کے بل نیک لوگوں کی بستی کی طرف گھسیٹتا ہوا گیا۔ [صحیح مسلم:2766] ‏صفحہ نمبر1892مسند احمد کی حدیث میں ہے ” جو شخص اپنے گھر سے اللہ کی راہ میں ہجرت کی نیت سے نکلا پھر آپ صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم نے اپنی تینوں انگلیوں یعنی کلمہ کی انگلی بیچ کی انگلی اور انگھوٹھے کو ملا کر کہا۔ پھر فرمایا کہاں ہیں مجاہد؟ پھر وہ اپنی سواری پر سے گر پڑا یا اسے کسی جانور نے کاٹ لیا یا اپنی موت مر گیا تو اس کا ہجرت کا ثواب اللہ کے ذمے ثابت ہو گیا۔ “ راوی کہتے ہیں اپنی موت مرنے کے لیے جو کلمہ نبی کریم صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم نے استعمال کیا واللہ میں نے اس کلمہ کو آپ سے پہلے کسی عربی کی زبانی نہیں سنا اور جو شخص غضب کی حالت میں قتل کیا گیا وہ جگہ کا مستحق ہو گیا۔ [مسند احمد:36/4:ضعیف] ‏ سیدنا خالد بن خرام رضی اللہ عنہ ہجرت کر کے حبشہ کی طرف چلے لیکن راہ میں ہی انہیں ایک سانپ نے ڈس لیا اور اسی میں ان کی روح قبض ہو گئی ان کے بارے میں یہ آیت اتری۔ سیدنا زبیر رضی اللہ عنہ فرماتے ہیں میں چونکہ ہجرت کر کے حبشہ پہنچ گیا اور مجھے ان کی خبر مل گئی تھی کہ یہ بھی ہجرت کر کے آ رہے ہیں اور میں جانتا تھا کہ قبیلہ بنو اسد سے ان کے سوا اور کوئی ہجرت کر کے آنے کا نہیں اور کم و بیش جتنے مہاجر تھے ان کے ساتھ رشتے کنبے کے لوگ تھے لیکن میرے ساتھ کوئی نہ تھا میں ان کا یعنی سیدنا خالد رضی اللہ عنہ کا بے چینی سے انتظار کر رہا تھا جو مجھے ان کی اس طرح کی اچانک شہادت کی خبر ملی تو مجھے بہت ہی رنج ہوا۔ [تفسیر ابن ابی حاتم:5888/3:حسن] ‏ یہ اثر بہت ہی غریب ہے، یہ بھی وجہ ہے کہ یہ قصہ مکے کا ہے اور آیت مدینے میں اتری ہے۔ لیکن بہت ممکن ہے کہ راوی کا مقصود یہ ہو کہ آیت کا حکم عام ہے گو شان نزول یہ نہ ہو «وَاللهُ اَعْلَمُ» ۔صفحہ نمبر1893اور روایت میں ہے کہ سیدنا ضمرہ بن جندب رضی اللہ عنہ ہجرت کر کے رسول اللہ صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم کی طرف چلے لیکن آپ کے پاس پہنچنے سے پہلے ہی راستے میں انتقال کر گئے ان کے بارے میں یہ آیت شریفہ نازل ہوئی۔ [تفسیر ابن ابی حاتم:5889/3:] ‏ اور روایت میں ہے کہ سیدنا سعد بن ابی ضمرہ رضی اللہ عنہ جن کو آنکھوں سے دکھائی نہ دیتا تھا جب وہ آیت «إِلَّا الْمُسْتَضْعَفِينَ مِنَ الرِّجَالِ وَالنِّسَاءِ» [4-النساء:98] ‏ سنتے ہیں تو کہتے ہیں میں مالدار ہوں اور چارہ کار بھی رکھتا ہوں مجھے ہجرت کرنی چاہیئے چنانچہ سامان سفر تیار کر لیا اور نبی کریم صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم کی طرف چل کھڑے ہوئے لیکن ابھی تنعیم میں ہی تھے جو موت آ گئی ان کے بارے میں یہ آیت نازل ہوئی۔ [تفسیر ابن ابی حاتم:5890/3:ضعیف] ‏ طبرانی میں ہے رسول اللہ صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم نے فرمایا ” اللہ تعالیٰ فرماتا ہے جو شخض میری راہ میں غزوہ کرنے کے لیے نکلا صرف میرے وعدوں کو سچا جان کر اور میرے رسولوں پر ایمان رکھ کر بس وہ اللہ کی ضمانت میں ہے یا تو وہ لشکر کے ساتھ فوت ہو کر جنت میں پہنچے گا یا اللہ کی ضمانت میں واپس لوٹے گا اجر و غنیمت اور فضل رب لے کر۔ اگر وہ اپنی موت مر جائے یا مار ڈالا جائے یا گھوڑے سے گر جائے یا اونٹ پر سے گر پڑے یا کوئی زہریلا جانور کاٹ لے یا اپنے بستر پر کسی طرح فوت ہو جائے وہ شہید ہے۔ “ [تفسیر ابن جریر الطبری:3418:ضعیف] ‏ ابوداؤد میں اتنی زیادتی بھی ہے کہ وہ جنتی ہے۔ [سنن ابوداود:2499،قال الشيخ الألباني:ضعیف] ‏ بعض الفاظ ابوداؤد میں نہیں ہیں۔صفحہ نمبر1894ابویعلیٰ میں ہے جو شخص حج کے لیے نکلا پھر مر گیا قیامت تک اس کے لیے حج کا ثواب لکھا جاتا ہے، جو عمرے کے لیے نکلا اور راستے میں فوت ہو گیا اس کے لیے قیامت تک عمرے کا اجر لکھا جاتا ہے۔ جو جہاد کے لیے نکلا اور فوت ہو گیا اس کے لیے قیامت تک کا ثواب لکھا جاتا ہے۔ [مسند ابویعلیٰ:6357،قال الشيخ الألباني:صحیح لغیرہ] ‏ یہ حدیث بھی غریب ہے۔صفحہ نمبر1895

Classical Tafsir: Bayan-ul-Quran ur

آیت 100 وَمَنْ یُّہَاجِرْ فِیْ سَبِیْلِ اللّٰہِ یَجِدْ فِی الْاَرْضِ مُرٰغَمًا کَثِیْرًا وَّسَعَۃً ط جیسے سورة العنکبوت میں فرمایا : یٰعِبَادِیَ الَّذِیْنَ اٰمَنُوْا اِنَّ اَرْضِیْ وَاسِعَۃٌ فَاِیَّایَ فَاعْبُدُوْنِ اے میرے وہ بندو جو ایمان لائے ہو ‘ میری زمین بہت کشادہ ہے ‘ پس تم لوگ میری ہی بندگی کرو !“۔ اگر یہاں اپنے وطن میں اللہ کی بندگی نہیں کرسکتے ہو تو کہیں اور چلے جاؤ۔وَمَنْ یَّخْرُجْ مِنْم بَیْتِہٖ مُہَاجِرًا اِلَی اللّٰہِ وَرَسُوْلِہٖ ثُمَّ یُدْرِکْہُ الْمَوْتُ فَقَدْ وَقَعَ اَجْرُہٗ عَلَی اللّٰہِ ط یعنی جس کسی نے بھی ہجرت کی ‘ فی سبیل اللہ ‘ دولت کے لیے یا حصول دنیا کے لیے نہیں ‘ بلکہ اللہ اور اس کے رسول ﷺ کی رضا جوئی کے لیے ‘ وہ اصل ہجرت ہے۔ حدیث میں اس کی مزید وضاحت ملتی ہے : اِنَّمَا الْاَعْمَال بالنِّیَّاتِ وَاِنَّمَا لِکُلِّ امْرِیئ مَا نَوٰی ‘ فَمَنْ کَانَتْ ھِجْرَتُہٗ اِلَی اللّٰہِ وَرَسُوْلِہٖ فَھِجْرَتُہٗ اِلَی اللّٰہِ وَرَسُوْلِہٖ ‘ وَمَنْ کَانَتْ ھِجْرَتُہٗ لِدُنْیَا یُصِیْبُھَا اَوِامْرَاَۃٍ یَنْکِحُھَا فَھِجْرَتُہٗ اِلٰی مَا ھَاجَرَ اِلَیْہِ 1اعمال کا دار و مدار نیتوں پر ہی ہے اور بلاشبہ ہر انسان کے لیے وہی کچھ ہے جس کی اس نے نیت کی۔ پس جس نے ہجرت کی اللہ اور اس کے رسول ﷺ کی طرف تو واقعی اس کی ہجرت اللہ اور اس کے رسول ﷺ کی طرف ہے ‘ اور جس نے ہجرت کی دنیا کمانے کے لیے یا کسی عورت سے شادی رچانے کے لیے تو اس کی ہجرت اسی چیز کی طرف شمار ہوگی جس کا اس نے قصد کیا۔“چنانچہ جس نے اللہ اور اس کے رسول کی طرف ہجرت کی ‘ خلوصِ نیّت کے ساتھ گھر سے نکل کھڑا ہوا اور راستے ہی میں فوت ہوگیا ‘ مدینہ منورہ نہیں پہنچ سکا ‘ حضور ﷺ کے قدموں تک اس کی رسائی نہیں ہوسکی ‘ وہ اپنا مقصود حاصل نہیں کرسکا ‘ تو پھر بھی وہ کامیاب و کامران ہے۔ اللہ ‘ تعالیٰ اس کی نیت کے مطابق اسے ہجرت کا اجر ضرور عطا فرمائے گا۔

Classical Tafsir: Ma'arif al-Qur'an en

CommentaryThe Definition of HijrahIn the four verses cited above, the merits, blessings and injunctions of Hijrah have been described. Lexically, Hijrah, Hijran and Hajr mean 'being displeased with something and leaving it'. In common parlance, the leaving of one's home country is known as Hijrah. In the terminology of the Shari’ ah, leaving Dar al-Kufr (Homeland of disbelievers) and going to Dar al-Islam (Abode of Islam) is called Hijrah (Ruh al-Ma'ani).In Sharh al-Mishkah, Mulla ` Ali al-Qari has said: Leaving a home country for religious reasons is also included under Hijrah (Mirqat, p. 39, v.l).From the verse الَّذِينَ أُخْرِ‌جُوا مِن دِيَارِ‌هِمْ وَأَمْوَالِهِمْ (59:8): 'Those who have been driven away from their homes ...' revealed about emigrating Companions, we know if disbelievers of a country forcibly expel Muslims because they are Muslims, this too will be included under Hijrah.From this definition, we learn that Muslims migrating from India to Pakistan who came here out of disgust for Dar al-Kufr at their own choice or were driven away by non-Muslims simply because they were Muslims, are all 'Muhajirs' in the Islamic legal sense. But, those who have moved to benefit from business or employment opportunities are not entitled to be called 'Muhajir' in that Islamic legal sense.Then, there is the hadith from al-Bukhari and Muslim in which the Holy Prophet ﷺ has been reported to have said:اَلمُھَاجِرُ مَن ھَجَرَ مَا نَھَی اللہَ عَنہُ وَرَسُولُہMuhajir is one who leaves everything Allah and His Messenger have prohibited.The full sense of the saying becomes clear from the first sentence of this very liadith which is as follows:اَلمُسلِم مَن سَلِمَ الممُسلِمُونَ مِن لِّسَانِہ وَیَدہہِA Muslim is the one from whom all Muslims remain safe - (safe) from his tongue and (safe) from his hands. (Tirmidh, Kitab al-'Iman)As obvious, it means that a 'true and staunch Muslim has to be the one who hurts none. Similarly, a true and successful Muhajir is the one who does not consider migration from his home country as the ultimate obligation. He should, rather, leave everything else the Shari’ ah has declared to be unlawful or impermissible. Said poetically, it would be saying something like: اپنے دل کو بھی بدل جامہ احرام کے ساتھ (When you change into the Ihiram garment, better change your heart too! )The Merits of HijrahJust as the verses about Jihad are spread out all over in the Holy Qur'an, Hijrah too has been mentioned many times in most of the Surahs. A cumulative view of these verses shows that there are three kinds of themes in verses relating to Hijrah. Firstly, there are the merits of Hijrah; secondly, it’ s worldly and other-worldly blessings; and thirdly, warnings against not migrating from Dar al-Kufr despite having the ability to do so.As for the merits of Hijrah, there is a verse in Surah al-Baqarah:إِنَّ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَالَّذِينَ هَاجَرُ‌وا وَجَاهَدُوا فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّـهِ أُولَـٰئِكَ يَرْ‌جُونَ رَ‌حْمَتَ اللَّـهِ ۚ وَاللَّـهُ غَفُورٌ‌ رَّ‌حِيمٌ ﴿218﴾As for those who believed and those who migrated and carried out Jihad in the way of Allah, they do hope for Allah's mercy and Allah is Forgiving, Very-Merciful - (2:218).The second verse appears in Surah al-Taubah:الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَهَاجَرُ‌وا وَجَاهَدُوا فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّـهِ بِأَمْوَالِهِمْ وَأَنفُسِهِمْ أَعْظَمُ دَرَ‌جَةً عِندَ اللَّـهِ ۚ وَأُولَـٰئِكَ هُمُ الْفَائِزُونَ ﴿20﴾And those who believed and emigrated and took up Jihad in the way of Allah with their wealth and lives are greater in rank in the sight of Allah - and they are the successful ones - (9:20).The third verse belongs to Surah al-Nis-a' and appears right here as part of the set of verses under study:وَمَن يَخْرُ‌جْ مِن بَيْتِهِ مُهَاجِرً‌ا إِلَى اللَّـهِ وَرَ‌سُولِهِ ثُمَّ يُدْرِ‌كْهُ الْمَوْتُ فَقَدْ وَقَعَ أَجْرُ‌هُ عَلَى اللَّـهِAnd whoever migrates in the way of Allah shall find in the earth many a place to settle and a wide dimension (of resources). And whoever leaves his home migrating for the sake of Allah and His Messenger and death overtakes him, then, his reward is established with Allah. And Allah is Most-Forgiving, Very-Merciful - (4:100).According to some narrations, this last verse was revealed about Sayyidna Khalid ibn Hizam at the time of the migration to Ethiopia. He had left Makkah on his way to Ethiopia with the intention of Hijrah. Enroute, a snake bit him which caused his death. In short, the three verses cited above have clearly emphasized Hijrah from Dar al-Kufr (migration from the Abode of Disbelief) and the many merits it has.In a hadith, the Holy Prophet ﷺ has said: اَلھِجرَۃُ تَھدِمُ مَا کَانَ قَبلَھَا ، meaning: Hijrah will undo all sins which may have been committed before it.The Blessings of HijrahAs for blessings, a verse from Surah al-Nahl says:وَالَّذِينَ هَاجَرُ‌وا فِي اللَّـهِ مِن بَعْدِ مَا ظُلِمُوا لَنُبَوِّئَنَّهُمْ فِي الدُّنْيَا حَسَنَةً ۖ وَلَأَجْرُ‌ الْآخِرَ‌ةِ أَكْبَرُ‌ ۚ لَوْ كَانُوا يَعْلَمُونَ ﴿41﴾And those who migrated for the sake of Allah after they were subjected to injustice, to them We shall give a good place to be in the world while the reward of the Hereafter is certainly great - only if they had realized! (16:41)The fourth verse of the set of four verses (97-100) appearing at the head of this part of the Commentary deals with approximately the same subject. There it has been said:وَمَن يُهَاجِرْ‌ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّـهِ يَجِدْ فِي الْأَرْ‌ضِ مُرَ‌اغَمًا كَثِيرً‌ا وَسَعَةًAnd whoever migrates in the way of Allah shall find in the earth many a place to settle and a wide dimension (of resources).The word 'muragham' مُرَ‌اغَم in the verse is a verbal noun which means to move from one land to the other' and the place to which one moves and settles is also called 'muragham'.Both these verses quoted above tell us about the open and the hidden blessings of Hijrah where Almighty Allah has promised to everyone who migrates for the sake of Allah and His Messenger that He shall open new opportunities in the world for them and give them a good home to settle. As for the rewards and ranks of the Hereafter, they are beyond any reach of expectation or imagination.The words لَنُبَوِّئَنَّهُمْ فِي الدُّنْيَا حَسَنَةً 'which promise 'a good place to be' in the world have been interpreted variously. Mujahid explains it as 'lawful sustenance', Hasan al-Basri (رح) as 'good home' while some other commentators have interpreted it as 'superiority in excellence, honour and power over antagonists.' The truth of the matter is that all these elements are included within the sense of the verse. World history bears witness that whoever has left his homeland for the sake of Allah, to him Almighty Allah has given a home far better than what he had earlier, far more honour and far more comfort. Sayyidna Ibrahim (علیہ السلام) migrated to Syria from his homeland in Iraq - Allah gave him all those things. Sayyidna Musa and the Bani Isra'il migrated from Egypt, their homeland for the sake of Allah, then He gave them the land of Syria, a better homeland. Then, they got Egypt too. When our master and the last of the prophets, Sayyidna Muhammad ﷺ and his Companions left Makkah for the sake of Allah and His Messenger, these blessed emigrants found the best of shelter in Madinah, far better than Makkah. There they had honour and power and peace and prosperity. Of course, this does not include the transitory hardship faced during the early period of Hijrah. But, soon after that, the blessings, which were showered on these people and which continued through several generations, shall be the proper yardstick in this matter.Events related to the poverty and hunger of Noble Companions so well-known belong generally to the early period of Hijrah; or, go as what can be called volitional acceptance of poverty, a dignified attitude of readiness to live with less (Faqr). In other words, they just did not like worldly wealth and property as a result of which they lost no time in spending what they received, in the way of Allah. This was very much the state in which the Holy Prophet ﷺ lived. His lack of means and patience in hunger were simply voluntary. He just did not choose to be rich. Nonetheless, during the sixth year of Hijrah, after the conquest of Khyber, things had changed and sufficient means of sustenance were available for the Holy Prophet ﷺ and his family. The same was the case with all righteous caliphs. When they reached Madinah, Allah had given them everything they needed. But, when Islam needed their support, Sayyidna Abu Bakr ؓ came forward and donated everything he had in his house. The Mother of the Faithful, Sayyidah Zaynab ؓ would give away all her stipend money to the poor and the needy and remain satisfied living indigently. For this reason, she was called 'The Mother of the Needy'. On the other side, no less in number were the rich ones among the Companions ؓ who left wealth and property behind. There were many among the Companions who were poor in their home-city of Makkah but Allah Almighty made them rich and happy after Hijrah. Sayyidna Abu Hurairah ؓ can be cited as a good example. When he was appointed the governor of a province, he used to enjoy talking about his past with unusual relish. He would formally address himself and say: '0 Abu Hurairah, you are the same man, the servant of a tribe. Your salary was what you could eat. Your duty was to walk with those who rode on a journey and your duty was to collect firewood for them when they broke their journey at a certain stage. Today, because of Islam, you are here, so high from so low, and they call you the Commander of the Faithful!In summation, it can be said that the world has openly witnessed the fulfillment of the promise Allah has made in the Qur'an. However, the verse has put a condition that they must be 'true emigrants for the sake of Allah', a substantiation of Hajaru fi-llah. This kind of emigrant should have not migrated for the sake of wordly wealth, office, power, recognition, honour or influence. Otherwise, in a hadith of al-Bukhari, the Holy Prophet ﷺ has also been reported to have said: 'Those who migrate for the sake of Allah and His Messenger, their migration is precisely for Allah and His Messenger.' It means that this is the correct mode of Hijrah the merits and blessings of which appear in the Qur'an. As for those who migrate to make money or marry a woman, their compensation against Hijrah is exactly what they migrated for.In our time, some groups of muhajirin (emigrants) who are living in distress are either in that transitory stage of the early period of Hijrah which is usually marked with hardships, or they are not Muhajirs in the real sense. They should correct their intention and take charge of the circumstances under which they live. After their intention and their corresponding deeds have been corrected, they shall witness the truth of Allah's promise with their own eyes.

Seerat Event: Khalid ibn al-Walid Accepts Islam 8 AH (Safar) AH / 629 CE

Khalid ibn al-Walid — who had led the charge that turned Uhud against the Muslims — accepted Islam in the period between Hudaybiyah and the Conquest of Makkah. He traveled to Madinah with Amr ibn al-As and Uthman ibn Talha. The Prophet greeted him warmly saying: "All praise is for Allah who has guided you. I knew you had a sharp mind that would guide you to good."

📍 Location: Madinah
🏷️ Category: dawah
📚 Source: Ar-Raheeq Al-Makhtum (The Sealed Nectar) Chapter: Khalid Accepts Islam
Seerat Event: Amr ibn al-As Accepts Islam 8 AH (Safar) AH / 629 CE

Amr ibn al-As — who had led the Quraysh delegation against Muslims in Abyssinia — accepted Islam on the same day as Khalid. He had long admired the Prophet's intellect and the consistency of his message. He would later conquer Egypt for Islam and serve as its governor.

📍 Location: Madinah
🏷️ Category: dawah
📚 Source: Ar-Raheeq Al-Makhtum (The Sealed Nectar) Chapter: Major Conversions
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