Surah Fatir • Ayah 2

None can withhold the Mercy ofAllah Allah tells us that what He wills, happens, and what He does not will, does not happen. None can give what He withholds, and none can withhold what He gives. Imam Ahmad recorded that Warrad, the freed slave of Al-Mughirah bin Shu`bah, said, "Mu`awiyah wrote to Al-Mughirah bin Shu`bah, saying, `Write for me what you heard from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ.' So Al-Mughirah called me and I wrote for him: `I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say when he finished praying,«لَا إِلهَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ، لَهُ الْمُلْكُ وَلَهُ الْحَمْدُ، وَهُوَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ، اللْهُمَّ لَا مَانِعَ لِمَا أَعْطَيْتَ وَلَا مُعْطِيَ لِمَا مَنَعْتَ، وَلَا يَنْفَعُ ذَا الْجَدِّ مِنْكَ الْجَد»(There is no god (worthy of worship) except Allah alone, with no partner or associate. To Him be praise and dominion, and He is able to do all things. O Allah, there is none who can withhold what You give, and none can give what You withhold, and and good fortune and richness in anything cannot benefit one against Your will.) `And I heard him forbid gossiping, asking too many questions and wasting money, burying girls alive, disobeying one's mother, and withholding from others while asking from them."' This was also recorded by Al-Bukhari and Muslim, with several chain of narration. It was recorded in Sahih Muslim that Abu Sa`id Al-Khudri, may Allah be pleased with him, said, "When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ raised his head from bowing, he would say:«سَمِعَ اللهُ لِمَنْ حَمِدَهُ، اللْهُمَّ رَبَّنَا لَكَ الْحَمْدُ مِلْءُ السَّمَاءِ وَالْأَرْضِ، وَمِلْءُ مَا شِئْتَ مِنْ شَيْءٍ بَعْدُ، اللْهُمَّ أَهْلَ الثَّنَاءِ وَالْمَجْدِ،أَحَقُّ مَا قَالَ الْعَبْدُ وَكُلُّنَا لَكَ عَبْدٌ، اللْهُمَّ لَا مَانِعَ لِمَا أَعْطَيْتَ وَلَا مُعْطِيَ لِمَا مَنَعْتَ، وَلَا يَنْفَعُ ذَا الْجَدِّ مِنْكَ الْجَد»(Allah hears those who praise Him. O Allah, our Lord, to You be praise, filling the heavens and the earth, and filling whatever You wish besides. O Allah, the One deserving praise and glory. The truest words that any servant says -- and all of us are Your servants -- are: O Allah, there is none who can withhold what You give, and none can give what You withhold, and no wealth or majesty can benefit anyone against Your will.)" This Ayah is like the Ayah:وَإِن يَمْسَسْكَ اللَّهُ بِضُرٍّ فَلاَ كَاشِفَ لَهُ إِلاَّ هُوَ وَإِن يُرِدْكَ بِخَيْرٍ فَلاَ رَآدَّ لِفَضْلِهِ(And if Allah touches you with harm, there is none who can remove it but He; and if He intends any good for you, there is none who can repel His favor) (10:107). And there are many similar Ayat.

اللہ تعالیٰ ہر چیز پر غالب ہے ٭٭اللہ تعالیٰ کا چاہا ہوا سب کچھ ہو کر رہتا ہے بغیر اس کی چاہت کے کچھ بھی نہیں ہوتا۔ وہ جو دے اسے کوئی روکنے والا نہیں۔ اور جسے وہ روک لے اسے کوئی دینے والا نہیں۔ نماز فرض کے سلام کے بعد اللہ کے رسول صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم ہمیشہ یہ کلمات پڑھتے، «لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ، لَهُ الْمُلْكُ، وَلَهُ الْحَمْدُ، وَهُوَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ، اللَّهُمَّ لَا مَانِعَ لِمَا أَعْطَيْتَ، وَلَا مُعْطِيَ لِمَا مَنَعْتَ، وَلَا يَنْفَعُ ذَا الْجَدِّ مِنْكَ الْجَدُّ» اور نبی کریم صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم فضول گوئی اور کثرت سوال اور مال کی بربادی سے منع فرماتے تھے اور آپ لڑکیوں کو زندہ درگور کرنے اور ماؤں کی نافرنیاں کرنے اور خود لینے اور دوسروں کو نہ دینے سے بھی روکتے تھے۔ [صحیح بخاری:6473] ‏صفحہ نمبر7240صحیح مسلم شریف میں ہے کہ رسول اللہ صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم رکوع سے سر اٹھاتے ہوئے «سمع الله لمن حمده»، کہہ کر یہ فرماتے «اللَّهُمَّ رَبَّنَا لَكَ الْحَمْدُ. مِلْءُ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالأَرْضِ. وَمِلْءُ مَا شِئْتَ مِنْ شَيْءٍ بَعْدُ. أَهْلُ الثَّنَاءِ وَالْمَجْدِ. أَحَقُّ مَا قَالَ الْعَبْدُ. وَكُلُّنَا لَكَ عَبْدٌ. اللَّهُمَّ! لاَ مَانِعَ لِمَا أَعْطَيْتَ، وَلاَ مُعْطِيَ لِمَا مَنَعْتَ، وَلاَ يَنْفَعُ ذَا الْجَدِّ مِنْكَ الْجَدُّ» ‏ [صحیح مسلم:477] ‏ اسی آیت جیسی آیت «‏وَاِنْ يَّمْسَسْكَ اللّٰهُ بِضُرٍّ فَلَا كَاشِفَ لَهٗٓ اِلَّا هُوَ ۭ وَاِنْ يَّمْسَسْكَ بِخَيْرٍ فَهُوَ عَلٰي كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيْرٌ» ہے۔ [6-الأنعام:17] ‏ اور بھی اس کی نظیر کی آیتیں بہت سی ہیں۔ امام مالک رحمہ اللہ فرماتے ہیں کہ بارش برستی تو ابوہریرہ رضی اللہ عنہ فرماتے ہم پر فتح کے تارے سے بارش برسائی گئی۔ پھر اسی آیت کی تلاوت کرتے [ابن ابی حاتم] ‏صفحہ نمبر7241

آیت 2 { مَا یَفْتَحِ اللّٰہُ لِلنَّاسِ مِنْ رَّحْمَۃٍ فَلَا مُمْسِکَ لَہَا } ”جو رحمت کا دروازہ بھی اللہ لوگوں کے لیے کھول دے تو اسے بند کرنے والا کوئی نہیں۔“ یہاں ”رحمت“ سے مراد نبوت ہے۔ یعنی اللہ تعالیٰ نے انسانیت کی ہدایت کے لیے وحی کا جو سلسلہ شروع کیا ہے وہ اللہ کی رحمت کا بہت بڑا مظہر ہے۔ اسی لیے سورة الانبیاء میں نبی اکرم ﷺ کے بارے میں فرمایا گیا : { وَمَآ اَرْسَلْنٰکَ اِلَّا رَحْمَۃً لِّلْعٰلَمِیْنَ۔ ”اور اے نبی ﷺ ! ہم نے نہیں بھیجا ہے آپ کو مگر تمام جہانوں کے لیے رحمت بنا کر“۔ بنی نوع انسان کو چونکہ ایک بہت بڑے امتحان سے سابقہ ہے ‘ اس لیے اللہ تعالیٰ نے ان کی آسانی کے لیے نبوت کا دروازہ کھول دیا ہے اور اپنے رسول کی شخصیت اور سیرت کو ان کے سامنے رکھ دیا ہے ‘ جو بذات خود اللہ کی نشانیوں میں سے ایک بہت بڑی نشانی ہے ‘ تاکہ لوگ احکامِ وحی سے راہنمائی حاصل کریں اور رسول اللہ ﷺ کی سیرت کی پیروی کر کے اس امتحان میں سرخرو ہونے کی کوشش کریں۔ بہر حال یہاں پر اس حوالے سے اللہ تعالیٰ کی حکمت ‘ مشیت اور اختیار کا ذکر اس طرح فرمایا گیا کہ انسانیت کی راہنمائی کے لیے اس نے نبوت کی صورت میں اپنی رحمت کا جو دروازہ کھولا ہے اسے کوئی بند نہیں کرسکتا۔ { وَمَا یُمْسِکْ فَلَا مُرْسِلَ لَہٗ مِنْ بَعْدِہٖ } ”اور جسے وہ روک لے تو پھر اسے کوئی جاری کرنے والا نہیں ہے اس کے بعد۔“ جب اللہ تعالیٰ اپنی حکمت اور مشیت سے نبوت کا دروازہ بند فرما دے گا تو پھر اسے کوئی کھول نہیں سکے گا۔ چناچہ محمد رسول اللہ ﷺ کے بعد نبوت کا دروازہ ہمیشہ کے لیے بند ہوچکا ہے ‘ اس لیے اب کوئی نبی نہیں آئے گا۔ البتہ مختلف ادوار میں نبوت کے جھوٹے دعویداروں کی صورت میں دجالوں کا ظہور ہوتا رہے گا۔ { وَہُوَ الْعَزِیْزُ الْحَکِیْمُ } ”اور یقینا وہ زبردست ہے ‘ کمال حکمت والا ہے۔“

The word: رَّ‌حْمَةٍ (rahmah: mercy) appearing in verse 2: مَّا يَفْتَحِ اللَّـهُ لِلنَّاسِ مِن رَّ‌حْمَةٍ فَلَا مُمْسِكَ لَهَا (Whatever blessing Allah opens for the people, there is none to hold it back,) is general at this place. It includes blessings of one's religion in this world along with those of the Hereafter, such as, faith, knowledge, rightly guided conduct as well as the mission of a prophet and the station of a Waliyy or man of Allah. And it also includes material blessings in the present world, such as, provisions, means, comfort, health, wealth, property, recognition and things like that. The meaning of the verse is quite obvious. It is being said here that the person for whom Allah Ta’ ala intends to open the doors of His mercy, there is no one who can stop it.Similarly, the second sentence: وَمَا يُمْسِكْ (wa ma yumsik: there is none to hold it back) is general, meaning: what Allah Ta’ ala holds back cannot he released by anyone. This includes hardships and sorrows of the world. Y or example, when Allah intends to shield some servant of His from these, then, there is no one who can dare harass or harm him. And included here is the matter of mercy as well in the sense that, should Allah Ta’ ala decide to deprive a person of His mercy due to some wise consideration of His, then, there is no one who can dare pass it on to him. (Abu Hayyan) Related to this very subject of the verse, there is a Hadith that reports that Sayyidna Mu'awiyah ؓ wrote to Sayyidna Mughirah Ibn Shu'abah ؓ ، his governor at Kufah, asking him to send back to him in writing some Hadith he had personally heard from the Holy Prophet ﷺ . Sayyidna Mughirah ؓ called Rawwad, his chief scribe, in his office and dictated his report as: 'I heard from the Holy Prophet ﷺ ", soon after he finished his salah his recitation of the words: اَللَّھُمَّ لَا مَانِعَ لِمَا اَعطَیتَ وَ لَا مُعطیَ لِمَا مَنَعتَ وَ لَا یَنفَعُ ذَا الجَدِّ مِنکَ الجَدُّ (0 Allah, for that which You give, there is no one to stop, and for that which you hold back, there is no one to give it out, and no efforts by any maker of effort1 works against Your will' ). (Ibn Kathir from Musnad of Ahmad)And according to a narration of Sayyidna Abu Said al-Khudri ؓ عنہ in Sahih of Muslim, he said these words at the time he raised his head from the (bending) position of ruku' before another sentence: اَحَقُ مَا قَالَ العَبدُ وَ کُلُّنا لَکَ (that is, these words, out of all that a servant of Allah can say, are the most true, incumbent and superior).Trust in Allah delivers from all hardshipsThe lesson taught by the cited verse (2) to all human beings is that one should not hope any benefit or fear any harm from anyone other than Allah, instead, one should keep his or her sight trained towards Allah alone. This is the master prescription for a better life in this world as well as in the life to come. This simple antidote delivers one from thousands of anxieties and sorrows. (Ruh-ul-Ma’ ani)Sayyidna ` Amir Ibn ` Abd Qays ؓ said: Once I get to recite four verses of the noble Qur'an in the morning, I stop worrying about what would happen in the morning and what would happen in the evening. These verses are as follows. The first one is this very verse under study: مَّا يَفْتَحِ اللَّـهُ لِلنَّاسِ مِن رَّ‌حْمَةٍ فَلَا مُمْسِكَ لَهَا وَمَا يُمْسِكْ فَلَا مُرْ‌سِلَ لَهُ مِن بَعْدِهِ (Whatever blessing Allah opens for the people, there is none to hold it back, and whatever He holds back, there is none to release it thereafter - 35:2). The second verse having the same sense appears in Surah al-An'am, 6:17: وَإِن يَمْسَسْكَ اللَّـهُ بِضُرٍّ‌ فَلَا كَاشِفَ لَهُ إِلَّا هُوَ وَإِن يُرِ‌دْكَ بِخَيْرٍ‌ فَلَا رَ‌ادَّ لِفَضْلِهِ (And if Allah causes you some harm, no one is there to remove it except He Himself; and if He causes you some good, then He is powerful over everything - 6:17). The third verse is from Surah At-Talaq, 65:7: سَيَجْعَلُ اللَّـهُ بَعْدَ عُسْرٍ‌ يُسْرً‌ا (Allah will soon bring ease after a difficulty). The fourth verse is from Surah Hud, 11:6: وَمَا مِن دَابَّةٍ فِي الْأَرْ‌ضِ إِلَّا عَلَى اللَّـهِ رِ‌زْقُهَا (And there is no creature on earth whose sustenance is not on Allah - 11:6). (Narrated by Ibn al-Mundhir, as in Ruh ul-Ma'ani)And when Sayyidna Abu Hurairah ؓ saw rain falling, he used to say: مُطِرنَا بنوء الفَتحِ (The rain has come upon us through the rise of fath: (the opening) and would, then, recite the verse: مَّا يَفْتَحِ اللَّـهُ لِلنَّاسِ مِن رَّ‌حْمَةٍ (Whatever blessing Allah opens for the people, there is none to hold it back,- 34:2). This term of 'rise of fath' used by him was in rebuttal of the false notion prevailing among Arabs of those days who used to attribute the coming of rains to the rise of particular stars and said that the rains had come upon them through the rise of such and such star. Sayyidna Abu Hurairah ؓ countered it by saying that (the mercy of) rains came to him through (the statement in) the verse of fath or opening. By this, he meant this very verse quoted above. He used to recite it particularly on such occasions. (Reported by Imam Malik in al-Mu'watta)[ 1] This translation is based on one way of reading this prayer, that is, jidd (with kasrah on the letter jim, but if it is read as jadd, then the correct translation would be: 'no high status of a person may benefit him against Your decree. (Muhammad Taqi Usmani)