The Eternal Echo
The Eternal Echo

Surah Al-Hajj • Ayah 27

Para 17 Surah 22 : 27
وَأَذِّن فِى ٱلنَّاسِ بِٱلْحَجِّ يَأْتُوكَ رِجَالًا وَعَلَىٰ كُلِّ ضَامِرٍ يَأْتِينَ مِن كُلِّ فَجٍّ عَمِيقٍ

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Word-by-Word Analysis

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وَأَذِّن
فِى
ٱلنَّاسِ
بِٱلْحَجِّ
يَأْتُوكَ
رِجَالًا
وَعَلَىٰ
كُلِّ
ضَامِرٍ
يَأْتِينَ
مِن
كُلِّ
فَجٍّ
عَمِيقٍ

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Classical Tafsir: Ibn Kathir en

Building of the Ka`bah and the Proclamation of the HajjThis is a rebuke to those among Quraysh who worshipped others than Allah and joined partners with Him in the place which from the outset had been established on the basis of Tawhid and the worship of Allah Alone, with no partner or associate. Allah tells us that He showed Ibrahim the site of the `Atiq House, i.e., He guided him to it, entrusted it to him and granted him permission to build it. Many scholars take this as evidence to support their view that Ibrahim was the first one to build the House and that it was not built before his time. It was recorded in the Two Sahihs that Abu Dharr said, "I said, `O Messenger of Allah ﷺ, which Masjid was the first to be built' He said,«الْمَسْجِدُ الْحَرَام»(Al-Masjid Al-Haram.) I said, `Then which' He said,«بَيْتُ الْمَقْدِس»(Bayt Al-Maqdis.) I said, `How long between them' He said,«أَرْبَعُونَ سَنَة»(Forty years.)" And Allah says:إِنَّ أَوَّلَ بَيْتٍ وُضِعَ لِلنَّاسِ لَلَّذِى بِبَكَّةَ مُبَارَكاً(Verily, the first House (of worship) appointed for mankind was that at Bakkah (Makkah), full of blessing) 3:96 until the end of following two Ayat. Allah says:وَعَهِدْنَآ إِلَى إِبْرَهِيمَ وَإِسْمَـعِيلَ أَن طَهِّرَا بَيْتِىَ لِلطَّآئِفِينَ وَالْعَـكِفِينَ وَالرُّكَّعِ السُّجُودِ(and We commanded Ibrahim and Isma`il that they should purify My House for those who are circumambulating it, or staying (I`tikaf), or bowing or prostrating themselves.) 2:125 And Allah says here:أَن لاَّ تُشْرِكْ بِى شَيْئاً(Associate not anything with Me,) meaning, `Build it in My Name Alone.'وَطَهِّرْ بَيْتِىَ(and sanctify My House) Qatadah and Mujahid said, "And purify it from Shirk.لِلطَّآئِفِينَ وَالْقَآئِمِينَ وَالرُّكَّعِ السُّجُودِ(for those who circumambulate it, and those who stand up, and those who bow, and make prostration (in prayer)) means, `and make it purely for those who worship Allah Alone, with no partner or associate.' What is meant by "those who circumambulate it" is obvious, since this is an act of worship that is done only at the Ka`bah and not at any other spot on earth.وَالْقَآئِمِينَ(and those who stand up) means, in prayer. Allah says:وَالرُّكَّعِ السُّجُودِ(and those who bow, and make prostration.) Tawaf and prayer are mentioned together because they are not prescribed together anywhere except in relation to the House. Tawaf is done around the Ka`bah and prayer is offered facing its direction in the majority of cases, with a few exceptions, such as when one is uncertain of the direction of the Qiblah, during battle and when praying optional prayers while traveling. And Allah knows best.وَأَذِّن فِى النَّاسِ بِالْحَجِّ(And proclaim to mankind the Hajj) meaning, `announce the pilgrimage to mankind and call them to perform pilgrimage to this House which We have commanded you to build.' It was said that Ibrahim said: "O Lord, how can I convey this to people when my voice will not reach them" It was said: "Call them and We will convey it." So Ibrahim stood up and said, "O mankind! Your Lord has established a House so come on pilgrimage to it." It is said that the mountains lowered themselves so that his voice would reach all the regions of the earth, and those who were still in their mothers' wombs and their fathers' loins would hear the call. The response came from everyone in the cities, deserts and countryside, and those whom Allah has decreed will make the pilgrimage, until the Day of Resurrection: "At Your service, O Allah, at Your service." This is a summary of the narrations from Ibn `Abbas, Mujahid, `Ikrimah, Sa`id bin Jubayr and others among the Salaf. And Allah knows best. This was recorded by Ibn Jarir and by Ibn Abi Hatim at length.يَأْتُوكَ رِجَالاً وَعَلَى كُلِّ ضَامِرٍ(They will come to you on foot and on every lean camel,) This Ayah was used as evidence by those scholars whose view is that Hajj performed on foot by those who are able, is better than Hajj performed riding, because the phrase "on foot" is mentioned first, and because it is an indication of their keenness and resolve. Waki` narrated from Abu Al-`Umays from Abu Halhalah from Muhammad bin Ka`b that Ibn `Abbas said, "I do not regret anything except for the fact that I wish I had performed Hajj on foot, because Allah says,يَأْتُوكَ رِجَالاً(They will come to you on foot)." But the majority are of the view that performing Hajj while riding is better, following the example of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, because he performed Hajj riding, although his physical ability was sound.يَأْتِينَ مِن كُلِّ فَجٍّ(they will come from every Fajj) means every route, as Allah says:وَجَعَلْنَا فِيهَا فِجَاجاً سُبُلاً(and We placed therein Fijaj for them to pass) 21:31.عَميِقٍ(`Amiq) means dis- tant. This was the view of Mujahid, `Ata', As-Suddi, Qatadah, Muqatil bin Hayan, Ath-Thawri and others. This Ayah is like the Ayah in which Allah tells us how Ibrahim prayed for his family,فَاجْعَلْ أَفْئِدَةً مَّنَ النَّاسِ تَهْوِى إِلَيْهِمْ(So fill some hearts among men with love towards them) 14:37. There is no one among the Muslims who does not long to see the Ka`bah and perform Tawaf, people come to this spot from every corner of the world.

Classical Tafsir: Ibn Kathir Urdu ur

مسجدالحرام کی اولین بنیاد توحید ٭٭یہاں مشرکین کو متنبہ کیا جاتا ہے کہ ” وہ گھر جس کی بنیاد اول دن سے اللہ کی توحید پر رکھی گئی ہے تم نے اس میں شرک جاری کر دیا۔ اس گھر کے بانی خلیل اللہ علیہ السلام ہیں سب سے پہلے آپ علیہ السلام نے ہی اسے بنایا “۔ نبی کریم صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم سے سیدنا ابوذر رضی اللہ عنہ نے سوال کیا کہ نبی کریم صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم سب سے پہلے کون سی مسجد بنائی گئی؟ فرمایا: مسجد الحرام ۔ میں نے کہا پھر؟ فرمایا: بیت المقدس ۔ میں نے کہا ان دونوں کے درمیان کس قدر مدت کا فاصلہ ہے؟ فرمایا: چالیس سال کا ۔ [صحیح بخاری:3366] ‏ اللہ کا فرمان ہے آیت «إِنَّ أَوَّلَ بَيْتٍ وُضِعَ لِلنَّاسِ لَلَّذِي بِبَكَّةَ مُبَارَكًا وَهُدًى لِّلْعَالَمِينَ فِيهِ آيَاتٌ بَيِّنَاتٌ مَّقَامُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ» [3-آل عمران:97،96] ‏، دو آیتوں تک۔ اور آیت میں ہے «وَعَهِدْنَا إِلَىٰ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَإِسْمَاعِيلَ أَن طَهِّرَا بَيْتِيَ لِلطَّائِفِينَ وَالْعَاكِفِينَ وَالرُّكَّعِ السُّجُودِ» [2-البقرہ:125] ‏ ” ہم نے ابراہیم واسماعیل علیہم السلام سے وعدہ لیا کہ میرے گھر کو پاک رکھنا “ الخ۔ بیت اللہ شریف کی بنا کا کل ذکر ہے ہم پہلے لکھ چکے ہیں اس لیے یہاں دوبارہ لکھنے کی ضرورت نہیں۔ یہاں فرمایا ” اسے صرف میرے نام پر بنا اور اسے پاک رکھ یعنی شرک وغیرہ سے اور اسے خاص کر دے ان کے لیے جو موحد ہیں “۔ طواف وہ عبادت ہے جو ساری زمین پر بجز بیت اللہ کے میسر ہی نہیں ناجائز ہے۔ پھر طواف کے ساتھ نماز کو ملایا قیام، رکوع، سجدے، کا ذکر فرمایا اس لیے کہ جس طرح طواف اس کے ساتھ مخصوص ہے نماز کا قبلہ بھی یہی ہے ہاں اس کی حالت میں کہ انسان کو معلوم نہ ہو یا جہاد میں ہو یا سفر میں ہو نفل نماز پڑھ رہا ہو تو بیشک قبلہ کی طرف منہ نہ ہونے کی حالت میں بھی نماز ہو جائے گی «وَاللهُ اَعْلَمُ» ۔صفحہ نمبر5590اور یہ حکم ملا کہ ” اس گھر کے حج کی طرف تمام انسانوں کو بلا “۔ مذکور ہے کہ آپ علیہ السلام نے اس وقت عرض کی کہ باری تعالیٰ میری آواز ان تک کیسے پہنچے گی؟ جواب ملا کہ ” آپ کے ذمہ صرف پکارنا ہے آواز پہنچانا میرے ذمہ ہے “۔ آپ علیہ السلام نے مقام ابراہیم پر یا صفا پہاڑی پر ابو قیس پہاڑ پر کھڑے ہو کر ندا کی کہ ”لوگو! تمہارے رب نے اپنا ایک گھر بنایا ہے پس تم اس کا حج کرو۔‏“ پہاڑ جھک گئے اور آپ کی آواز ساری دنیا میں گونج گئی۔ یہاں تک کہ باپ کی پیٹھ میں اور ماں کے پیٹ میں جو تھے انہیں بھی سنائی دی۔ ہرپتھر درخت اور ہر اس شخص نے جس کی قسمت میں حج کرنا لکھا تھا باآواز لبیک پکارا۔ بہت سے سلف سے یہ منقول ہے، «وَاللهُ اَعْلَمُ» ۔ پھر فرمایا پیدل لوگ بھی آئیں گے اور سواریوں پر سوار بھی آئیں گے۔ اس سے بعض حضرات نے استدلال کیا ہے کہ جسے طاقت ہو اس کے لیے پیدل حج کرنا سواری پر حج کرنے سے افضل ہے اس لیے کہ پہلے پیدل والوں کا ذکر ہے پھر سواروں کا۔ تو ان کی طرف توجہ زیادہ ہوئی اور ان کی ہمت کی قدر دانی کی گئی۔ سیدنا ابن عباس رضی اللہ عنہما فرماتے ہیں میری یہ تمنا رہ گئی کہ کاش کہ میں پیدل حج کرتا۔ اس لیے کہ فرمان الٰہی میں پیدل والوں کا ذکر ہے۔ لیکن اکثر بزرگوں کا قول ہے کہ سواری پر افضل ہے کیونکہ رسول اللہ صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم نے باوجود کمال قدرت وقوت کے پا پیادہ حج نہیں کیا تو سواری پر حج کرنا نبی کریم صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم کی پوری اقتداء ہے۔ پھر فرمایا دور دراز سے حج کے لیے آئیں گے خلیل اللہ علیہ السلام کی دعا بھی یہی تھی کہ آیت «فَاجْعَلْ أَفْئِدَةً مِّنَ النَّاسِ تَهْوِي إِلَيْهِمْ وَارْزُقْهُم مِّنَ الثَّمَرَاتِ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَشْكُرُونَ» [14-ابراھیم:37] ‏ ” لوگوں کے دلوں کو اے اللہ تو ان کی طرف متوجہ کر دے “۔ آج دیکھ لو وہ کون سا مسلمان ہے جس کا دل کعبے کی زیارت کا مشتاق نہ ہو؟ اور جس کے دل میں طواف کی تمنائیں تڑپ نہ رہی ہوں۔ (‏اللہ تعالیٰ ہمیں نصیب فرمائے)۔صفحہ نمبر5591

Classical Tafsir: Bayan-ul-Quran ur

آیت 27 وَاَذِّنْ فِی النَّاس بالْحَجِّ ”اس حکم کے بعد حضرت ابراہیم علیہ السلام نے کیسے اعلان کیا ہوگا ‘ کس طرح لوگوں کو پکارا ہوگا اور اللہ تعالیٰ نے ان کے اس پیغام اور پکار کو کہاں کہاں تک پہنچایا ہوگا ‘ یہ معاملہ اللہ اور ان کے درمیان ہے۔یَاْتُوْکَ رِجَالًا وَّعَلٰی کُلِّ ضَامِرٍ یَّاْتِیْنَ مِنْ کُلِّ فَجٍّ عَمِیْقٍ ”پہاڑوں کے درمیان کے راستہ کو ”فَجّ“ کہتے ہیں۔ اس سے مکہ کی مضافاتی وادیوں اور گھاٹیوں کی طرف اشارہ ہے کہ آپ علیہ السلام کی اس دعوت پر لبیک کہتے ہوئے دور و نزدیک سے لوگ آئیں گے۔ ان میں پیدل بھی ہوں گے اور سوار بھی۔ وہ دورو نزدیک کے گہرے پہاڑی راستوں کو عبور کرتے ہوئے یہاں پہنچیں گے۔ لاغر اونٹنیوں کے ذکر سے دور دراز کے سفر مراد ہیں کہ طویل سفر کی وجہ سے ان کی اونٹنیاں لاغر ہوچکی ہوں گی۔

Classical Tafsir: Ma'arif al-Qur'an en

The third command given to Sayyidna Ibrahim (علیہ السلام) was أَذِّن فِي النَّاسِ بِالْحَجِّ (Announce among people about the obligation of Hajj - 22:2'7). Ibn Abi Hatim has related from Sayyidna Ibn ` Abbas ؓ that when Sayyidna Ibrahim (علیہ السلام) was commanded by Allah to make this proclamation, he submitted that the place where he stood was an uninhabited desolate plane with nobody to hear the proclamation whereas he lacked the means to convey it to the populated areas. Allah Ta’ ala then told him that he was required only to make the proclamation and the responsibility for conveying it to the four corners of the world rested with Himself, that is Allah Ta’ ala. Thereupon Sayyidna Ibrahim (علیہ السلام) stood at مقام ابراھیم (Station of Ibrahim) and made the proclamation and Allah Ta’ ala magnified his voice so that it was heard all round the earth. It is also related that he made the proclamation from the top of the mount Abu Qubais (جبل أبی قبَیس). He put his fingers in his ears, turned his face in four directions and called out "0 people! Allah has established His House and made it obligatory upon you to make pilgrimage to it. So obey the command of your Lord."It is also mentioned in this narration that Allah Ta’ ala so decreed that the announcement was heard miraculously all over the world, not only by the people living then, but also by all those yet to be born upto the Day of Resurrection. And all those who are destined to perform the pilgrimage responded to the call with the words اللَّھُمَّ لَبَّیک لَبَّیک . Sayyidna Ibn ` Abbas ؓ says that the Talbiyah during the pilgrimage has its origin in this response to the call of Sayyidna Ibrahim (علیہ السلام) . (Qurtubi, Mazhari)Further on, the verse describes the tradition which has been established for all times as a result of the proclamation of Sayyidna Ibrahim namely يَأْتُوكَ رِ‌جَالًا وَعَلَىٰ كُلِّ ضَامِرٍ‌ يَأْتِينَ مِن كُلِّ فَجٍّ عَمِيقٍ (22:28) meaning that people will come to Baitullah from the four corners of the earth, some on foot and others on their mounts, which will become lean because of the long distances traversed by them. From that remote time until today, though thousands of years have elapsed, people come to Baitullah to perform pilgrimage, just as they did in the earliest times. All the prophets who came after Sayyidna Ibrahim (علیہ السلام) and their followers strictly observed this tradition. During the long period of ignorance after Sayyidna ` Isa' (علیہ السلام) ، the Arabs, even though they lapsed into the evils of idolatry, yet they continued to perform very faithfully all the rituals of the pilgrimage precisely as they had inherited them from the time of Sayyidna Ibrahim (علیہ السلام) .

Seerat Event: Preaching to Pilgrims — Dawah at Ukaz, Majannah, Dhul Majaz / 615–621 CE

During the annual pilgrimage seasons, the Prophet would present himself at the major trade fairs of Ukaz, Majannah, and Dhul Majaz, calling tribes to Islam. Most rejected him harshly. Abu Lahab would follow him saying "Do not believe him, he is a Sabian liar." Yet seeds were planted that bore fruit later.

📍 Location: Trade fairs near Makkah
🏷️ Category: dawah
📚 Source: Ar-Raheeq Al-Makhtum (The Sealed Nectar) Chapter: Seeking Support
Seerat Event: Six Men of Yathrib Accept Islam at First Aqabah / 621 CE

In 621 CE, six men from the Khazraj tribe of Yathrib (Madinah) met the Prophet at Aqabah during pilgrimage season. They had heard of a prophet from Jewish scholars of Madinah. After hearing the Quran, all six accepted Islam and returned to Madinah spreading the faith, which had taken root among both Aws and Khazraj by the following year.

📍 Location: Aqabah, near Makkah
🏷️ Category: dawah
📚 Source: Ar-Raheeq Al-Makhtum (The Sealed Nectar) Chapter: First Aqabah
Seerat Event: Mus'ab ibn Umayr Sent as First Islamic Ambassador / 621–622 CE

After the First Pledge of Aqabah, the Prophet sent Mus'ab ibn Umayr (RA) — a young man from a wealthy family who had given up luxury for Islam — as the first official teacher of Islam to Madinah. Within a year, Islam had spread so widely there that hardly a household of Aws or Khazraj remained without Muslims.

📍 Location: Madinah (Yathrib)
🏷️ Category: dawah
📚 Source: Ar-Raheeq Al-Makhtum (The Sealed Nectar) Chapter: Mus'ab in Madinah
Seerat Event: Islam of Sa'd ibn Mu'adh — Chief of Aws / 621–622 CE

Sa'd ibn Mu'adh, the chief of the Aws tribe, accepted Islam through Mus'ab ibn Umayr's efforts. He then summoned his people and said he would not speak with any man or woman of his tribe until they accepted Islam. By evening, all men and women of his sub-clan had declared Islam — one of the greatest conversions in the Madinah period.

📍 Location: Madinah (Yathrib)
🏷️ Category: dawah
📚 Source: Ar-Raheeq Al-Makhtum (The Sealed Nectar) Chapter: Madinah Preparations
Seerat Event: Islam of Usayd ibn Hudayr — Chief of Banu Abdul-Ashhal / 621–622 CE

Usayd ibn Hudayr, a chief of the Banu Abdul-Ashhal clan, went to confront Mus'ab ibn Umayr for spreading a new religion. After a brief exchange and hearing the Quran recited, Usayd's expression changed completely and he declared his Islam on the spot, then returned to his people and summoned them to accept Islam.

📍 Location: Madinah (Yathrib)
🏷️ Category: dawah
📚 Source: Ar-Raheeq Al-Makhtum (The Sealed Nectar) Chapter: Conversions in Madinah
Seerat Event: Farewell Pilgrimage — Hajjat al-Wada' 10 AH (9 Dhul Hijjah) AH / 632 CE (7 March)

In Dhul Hijjah 10 AH, the Prophet performed his only complete Hajj with approximately 114,000 Companions. At Makkah he delivered the Farewell Sermon on the Day of Arafat, declaring the sanctity of life, property, and honor; equality of all before Allah; abolition of tribal blood vengeances; rights of women; and the importance of holding fast to the Quran and Sunnah.

📍 Location: Mount Arafat, Makkah
🏷️ Category: worship
📚 Source: Ar-Raheeq Al-Makhtum (The Sealed Nectar) Chapter: The Farewell Hajj
Historical Context: Prophet Ibrahim Builds the Kaaba with Ismail c. 2000–1900 BCE (estimated)

After the trials of the fire and migration, Ibrahim (Abraham) traveled to the barren valley of Bakkah (Makkah) where his son Ismail had been raised. Together they raised the foundations of the Kaaba, praying: 'Our Lord, accept from us; indeed You are the Hearing, the Knowing' (2:127). This construction established the Kaaba as the first House devoted to the worship of Allah on Earth (3:96). Ibrahim then proclaimed the Hajj to all of humanity.

🏛️ Civilization: Early Semitic / Abrahamic
📍 Region: Makkah, Arabian Peninsula
Historical Context: Ibrahim and Ismail Build the Kaaba c. 2000–1800 BCE

The Quran (2:127) records: 'And when Ibrahim was raising the foundations of the House and Ismail, [they said]: Our Lord, accept from us; indeed You are the Hearing, the Knowing.' This is one of the most significant acts in Islamic sacred history — establishing the first house of worship on Earth (Quran 3:96). The Kaaba in Makkah was built by father and son, establishing the direction of prayer (qibla) for all Muslims for eternity.

🏛️ Civilization: Pre-Islamic Arabian / Patriarchal
📍 Region: Makkah, Arabian Peninsula
Historical Context: The Hajj — Annual Islamic Convergence c. 2000 BCE (Ibrahim establishes rites) – present

Hajj (pilgrimage to Makkah) was ordained in the Quran (3:97; 22:27) as obligatory once in a lifetime for every capable Muslim. The Prophet Ibrahim called the pilgrimage (22:27: 'Proclaim to the people the Hajj; they will come to you on foot and on every lean camel from every distant pass'). Today Hajj is the largest annual gathering of humanity — 2–3 million pilgrims converging on Makkah. The rites of Hajj (tawaf, sa'i, wuquf at Arafah, stoning of the Jamarat) replicate specific events from Ibrahim's and Hajar's lives, making Hajj the ultimate enactment of sacred history.

🏛️ Civilization: Pre-Islamic Patriarchal → Early Islamic → Present
📍 Region: Makkah and surrounding holy sites
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